School Nutrition Services (SNS) Research

Publication: BMC Journals - Implementation Science Communications 

Date Published: April 2025

Reference:

McLoughlin, G. M., Kerstetter, M., Yohannes, Y., Martinez, O., Jones, R. M., Brownson, R. C., & Fisher, J. O. (2025). Understanding implementation determinants of universal school meals through an equity-driven mixed methods approach. Implementation Science Communications, 6, 44. https://doi.org/10.1186/s43058-025-00713-0

Key Takeaways: This study found that the most important drivers of universal school meal (USM) implementation were strong leadership at both the school and district levels, along with supportive food service staff and effective internal communication systems. Schools with higher participation also reported reduced stigma, more equitable implementation practices, and greater engagement from food service personnel, highlighting how organizational climate and equity-focused practices shape successful USM delivery.